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APPARATUS FOR AERIAL NAVIGATION.

N0. 381, 106.i Patented Apr. 1'7,

(No Model.) s Shets-Sheet 3.

B. BONTEMS.

APPARATUS FOR AERIAL NAVIGATION.

-N0.'381-,106. Patented Apr; 17, 1888.

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v BJBON TEMS v APPARATUS FORI AERIA L NAVIGATI ONV I Patented Apr, 17, 1 888.-

N. PETERS flwlwlilhogrlpher. win-mm. me.

UNITED STAT S BLAISE BONDEMS, or PARIS, FRANCE.

APPARATUS FOR ATERIVALNAV-IGATION. f

SPECIPICATIONforiming part of Letters Patent ri -381,106, dated. Apri117, 1888.

Ap'plicationfiled May 12, 1885. SerialNo. 165,195. (No model.) Patented in France, April 13, 1885, No. 168,266; Felgium April 17, 1885, No.68,548; in England April24, 1885, No. 5,118 in Italy April 29,1885, XXXVI, 213, and in Germany May 4; 1885, No.

To. all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, BLAISE BoN'rEMs, of Paris, France, have invented new and useful Improved Apparatus for. Aerial Navigation,

of which the following'is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being bad to the accompanying drawings,forming a part hereof, and for which I have obtained the following Letters Patent in foreign countries, viz: France, No. 168,266, April 13, 1885; Belgium, No. 68,548, April 17, 1885; Germany, No. 33,963, May 4, 1885; England, No. 5,118, April 24, 1885; Italy, No. 213, Vol. 36, April In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents a side view of the apparatus as apview of the apparatus; Fig. 3, a side view of the same. Fig. 4 is ahorizontal section taken atthe line 12 of Fig. 2. Fig. 5 is a horizontal section on the line 3 4, Fig. 2. Fig. 5? is a diagram showing a modified construction of wing. Figs. 6 and 7 represent an elevation and side view of mechanism -for cooperating with that shown in Figs. 1, 2, 3, and 4. Fig. 8 is a plan View of this supplementary mechanism. Fig. 9 is adetail horizontal section through the rod or shaft t.

Nature in the form of a bird presenting the best model to follow in ,the construction of machines for aerial navigation, I have closely followed the movements of the bird in its flight as being the best means of solving the difficult problem. of how to direct a machine through the air in any desired direction.v This is effected by the. mechanical means hereinafter described. g

a is a platform to which the car is to be attached. A

bis a post rising from the platform a and carrying at its upper end a cross-bar, b, the ends of which connect by cords or braces'a with the ends of the platform a. A hook or' ring, 12 on the post-b serves to connect the same with the balloon, as shown in Fig. 1- Below the cross-bar b, is mounted on the post I) a frame, 0, carrying two horizontal arbors, 0' c, on opposite sides of the post b, as shown in Fig. 1. To one of these arbors are secured 50 two wings, e y, and tothe other are in like the motion of the apparatus ,will be changed,

manner secured two. wings, d f. lEachlof these wings has a crank,- m,'and is connectedby one of fourv rods; d e f g, to a working-lever, h, which is pivoted at h to the post'b. At its, ends the lever h has suitable handles, 7 The rodsd e f g are pivoted to claspsd e f 9 Fig. 4, which can be slid along the leverhto I increase or reduce'the purchase of said lever respectinganyone or more of said wings (I. e f g. In fact, the motion of any one or more of saidlwings can bearrested by drawing its clasp close tothe post I). s l The clasps d e f g canbe moved individually or collectively, sogthat any one f the wings can be moved separately'or all together, 6 5 equally or unequally, as may be required.- Holes h in the face of the leverh serveto hold the clasps in the requisite positions, the A clasps having suitable spring-latches which look into these holes or into equivalent notches.

The upper frame, c,bear ing the wing's, is pivoted to the post I), and is held in a horizontal or more or less inclined position by a rod, 7

t, and lever i, both of which a're joined to a sliding. sleeve on the post I), as shown in Fig. 7 5 .7

. supposed to be in front and the wingsfg in rear. When thewings d e are moved by the lever h, they will force the air rearward. The wings f and 9 act in the same manner. The resultproduced is-alsoaffected by the position in which the frame 6 is placed. For instance,

when this frame is horizontal the flight ish'orizontal; if it is sloped downwardvor upward 95 to correspond.

When it is desired to take a right'or-left course, the appropriatewing is madestation-:.

ary. ,7

The mechanism shown in Figs. 6, 7, .8,'and1o o- 9 is to cooperate with that already described, and is shown in connection therewith in Fig. 1. Two wings, ZZ, are secured to the arbors o 0, which project from a tube, 0, that is carried on the end of a tube, p. The tube 1) passes through another tube, 1), which is attached to a block, 19, that is pivoted by a pin, t, to a vertical rod, 15. The rod t is a swivel-rod, being guided above in a ring, n, that is fixed to a frame, q, while its lower end rests on a step or bearing, n, that is attached to the same frame g. This frame g, which is of suitable dimensions, is secured to the bottom of the car, or in any other proper position. Its lower part has two plates, q g, which support the shafts m and 1", that carry, respectively,a crank, m, and a fly-wheel, r, and are geared together by the toothed wheel m and pinion a". The shaft 1' also carries a crank, s, which connects by a jointed rod, 8 s, with a bellcrank, it u, that is pivoted to the block p The upper arm, u, of the bell-crank u u f governs along shaft, 1;, which passes through the tube and is pivoted at the outer end.

to two small shafts, o 12, which are respectively united to the cranks w' w, that project from the pivots of the wings Z Z. The continuous rotary motion of the crank m is transformed into up and down movements of the shaft 8, and these into rectilinear reciprocating movements of the shaft 1), which produce by the connections 1; o symmetrical beatings of the wingsZ Z. All the parts p p and the mechanism of the wings Z Z are equipoised by means of a counter-weight, w, sliding at will onan arm, 00, that projects from the block 1). Finally, the wings Z Z are provided with a rudder, y, which may be of the form of a bird,

and which can be turned by turning its supporting-tube p in any direction in the outer tube, 1), under the action of a cord or rod, z, connected to a crank, p of the said tube p. Thus the flight ofthe mechanical bird lZ'y can be directedeither for ascending or descending.

In placing one or more of these devices on the car of a balloon (see Fig. 1) the same can be used to co-operate with the other mechanism, either for hoveringin the air, rising or descending, or moving to the right or left.

The two devices hereinabove specified can be employed conjointly or separately for aerial navigation with or without a balloon. They can be applied to toys or apparatus used in teaching aerostatics,or for ventilation of buildings,-&c.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is 1. The combination of the upright post b with the frame a, carrying pivoted wings d e g, and with the lever h on the post I), rods d e f 'g, and clasps d e f g. the said clasps and rods serving to connect the lever h with the pivoted wings, respectively, substantially as herein shown and described.

2. The combination of the rudder y with the horizontal tube 1), wings Z Z, tube 0 crankarbors 0 0, and with mechanism, substantially as described, for oscillating said crank-arbors and said tube 12, the wings Z I being secured to the crank-arbors 0 0, which project from the tube 0*,that is carried by the tube 1), said tube 19 also carrying the rudder, as specified.

BLAISE BONTEMS.

Witnesses:

ALPHONSE BLETRY, RoBT. M. HOOPER. 

